'Oumuamua: The First Visitor From Another Star Still Defies Explanation
On the night of 19 October 2017, a robotic telescope on the summit of Haleakala, the dormant volcano that dominates the Hawaiian island of Maui, logged one more faint smudge among the thousands it records every clear night. There was nothing obviously remarkable about it. But when the postdoctoral astronomer Robert Weryk sat down to inspect the Pan-STARRS1 images, the dot refused to make sense. It was moving too fast, and along a path that could not be bent into any orbit that closed back on the Sun. Weryk checked, then checked again, then called a colleague. The object had not come from our solar system at all. It had fallen in from the darkness between the stars, whipped around the Sun weeks earlier at a scorching 87 kilometres per second, and was already climbing back out, never to return.
Astronomers had waited a lifetime for this. For decades the existence of interstellar wanderers had been a near certainty of theory, since every young planetary system should fling debris into the galaxy, yet not one had ever been caught in the act. And it was very nearly missed even now: the object had already rounded the Sun around 9 September and was hurtling away from Earth when Weryk found it, leaving observers only a matter of days to gather what they could before it faded beyond reach. Now here was the first. It was catalogued as 1I/2017 U1, the numeral one and the letter I standing for the very first interstellar object on the books, and it was given a Hawaiian name that the discoverers translated as a scout or messenger reaching out from the distant past: 'Oumuamua. The wonder lasted about a week. Then the object began to behave in ways that, eight years later, still have no clean answer.
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