In April 1848 seven men, seven horses, twenty mules and fifty bullocks left the last cattle station on the Darling Downs and headed west into unmapped country. Not one of them was ever seen again. After more than a century of searching, the only object ever tied to them by name is a small brass plate stamped Ludwig Leichhardt 1848.

On a hot July morning in 2014, a German holidaymaker walked into an airport doctor's office in Bulgaria, went white, dropped his bag and bolted. Security cameras followed him over a fence, across a meadow and towards a line of trees. His wallet, phone and passport are still evidence, and he has never been seen again.

At lunchtime on a summer Sunday, the leader of a nation swam out from a beach he loved and never came back. Australia mounted one of the largest searches in its history and recovered nothing at all. Thirty eight years later a coroner finally said what had happened, and the rumours carried on anyway.

A Dutch artist left Cape Cod alone in a boat twelve and a half feet long, bound for England, as the middle chapter of a work titled In Search of the Miraculous. Radio contact stopped after three weeks. Nine months later a Spanish trawler found his empty boat drifting off Ireland, and then even the boat vanished.

Enrico Fermi placed him in the category of Galileo and Newton. In March 1938 Ettore Majorana withdrew his money, took his passport, wrote two farewell letters, cancelled them by telegram the next day, boarded the night ferry from Palermo to Naples and was never seen again. Italian prosecutors did not close the file until 2015.

He was the son of a governor, twenty-three years old, and ten miles from a mangrove coast with two empty cans strapped to his body. His father chartered a jet and sent ships, aircraft and thousands of searchers after him. They found nothing at all, and sixty years later the argument over what happened has still not ended.

On a summer evening in 1983 a fifteen-year-old flute student walked out of a music school near Piazza Navona and was never seen again. She was a citizen of Vatican City. Four decades later, after anonymous callers, two empty princely tombs and three separate investigations, her family is still asking the same question.

On Australia Day 1966 three children caught a bus to the beach and were never seen again. A stranger played with them in the sand for hours. A shopkeeper watched the eldest pay for lunch with a banknote her mother had never given her. Six decades and three excavations later, Australia still has no answer.

In December 1872, a merchant ship was found gliding across the Atlantic in good order — cargo intact, table set for daily life, and not a soul on board. Ten people had vanished without a trace.

He hijacked a Boeing 727 with perfect manners, collected $200,000, and stepped off the aft stairs into a stormy November night. Half a century of suspects, particles and buried cash later, the question stands: who was the man in seat 18?

Twelve years, four seabed hunts and 239 unresolved fates: the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 remains aviation's greatest mystery.

In December 1900 a relief ship reached a remote Scottish lighthouse and found the door shut, the lamps cleaned and ready, and all three keepers gone without a trace.